Fuel pump



Dec. 1933. L. H. L. BELLEM ET AL 1,940,524

FUEL PUMP Filed Jan. 9, 1932 4 heets-Sheet l Dec. 19, 1933. H. L. BELLEM ET AL FUEL PUMP Filed Jan. 9, 1 952 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 fnw'nrs fielm/ 6! fr) Dec. 19, 1933. L. BELLE-M ET AL 1,940,524

FUEL PUMP Filed Jan. 9, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Dec. 19 1933 UNITED STATES FUEL PUMP Louis .Henrl Libel-t Bellem, Asnieres, and Erling Christian Foss, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France Application January 9, 1932, Serial No. 585,782,

and in France January 9, 1931 18 Claims. (01. 103-37) v The present invention relates to fuel pumps 8 driven by a cam shaft 9 through the instruhaving an adjustable output, of the kind comprising a piston moving in a cylinder, and a movable member, which can moreover be the cylinder itself, the piston having a reciprocating movement, during the discharge stroke of which, at a given variable moment the movement of the displaceable member is controlled, said displaceable member by cooperating with a distribution open ing, enabling the fuel to be discharged.

The pump according to the invention is broadly characterized by the fact that during the suction stroke, the movable member is maintained in its suction position by the piston itself which likewise conlrols the movement of said member towards its discharge position, said piston including, to this end, a nose acting on the movable member in the opposite direction to that in which acts the spring which is then held in a sort of cage formed by the piston and its nose and the cylinder.

In one embodiment of the invention, the controlling nose of the piston not only holds the movable member in its suction position-but likewise brings it into this position during the suction stroke, while according to another embodiment the movable member is brought into the suction position by external members, for example, by an arm rotating win the motor shaft and carrying balls controlled by a cam and adapted to depress the movable member at suitable adjustable periods.

Other features and peculiarities of the invention will become apparent from the ensuing descrip'ion taken in conjunction wth the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. l is a longitudinal section through a double pump according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows amultiple pump.

Fig. 3 shows a constructional modification of the delivery adjusting device.

Fig. 4 shows a modified pump with fixed cylinder.

Fig. 5 illustrates, in longitudinal eleva ion, a multiple pump according to a modification.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a detail of a member of the pump of Fig. 5.

The double pump shown in Fig. 1 comprises essentially a body portion 1 at the upper part of which is provided a reservoir 2 into which the fuel is fed by a piping 3. Said reservoir 2 has a discharge orifice 4 against which the upper end of the displaceable cylinder 5 of the pump can press, in which cylinder moves a piston 7 having an extension piece 18 which screws into a sleeve mentality for example of a roller 10. Between a flange 14 provided at the lower end of the cylinder 5 and said extension piece 18 of the piston '7 is interposed a fairly powerful spring 12. On the extension piece screws a sleeve 19 on which is mounted a pinion 20 adapted to engage with a rack 23.

At its upper end, the sleeve 19 is formed with a nose 22 adapted to act on the flange 14 of the cylinder 5.

The device operates in the following manner:

At the upper dead centre (right-hand pump of Fig. 1) the cylinder 5 is pressed against the orifice 4, and the spring 12 is compressed between the extension piece 18 of the piston 7 and the flange 14 of the cylinder 5.

There is. a certain play a between the nose 22 of the sleeve 19 and the flange 14 of the cylinder 5.

At the beginning of the down stroke, the piston 7 and its sleeve 19 descend alone until the nose '22 engages with the flange 14, that is to say after taking up the play a. At this instant, with the piston '7 continuing to descend, said nose 22 displaces the cylinder 5 which also descends At the beginning of the up-stroke, all the members move simultaneously until the cylinder 5 presses against the orifice 4. At this instant, the piston 7 and its sleeve 19 continue to rise a distance equal to the play a, the cylinder remaining stationary. During said stroke a, the piston 7 discharges fuel through the orifice 4. It is obvious that the delivery of said discharge depends on the extent of the play a, which can be varied by displacing the rack 23 to rotate the pinion 20 and thereby screw the extension piece 18 more or less into the 90 sleeve 8.

The two pistons can be driven alternately in any known manner, by a single cam shaft 9. The down stroke of each of said pumps can be controlled by means of a tappet 24 which is advantageously arranged between said two pumps, said tappet being rocked on each up-stroke of one of the pumps, and thereby effecting the downstroke of the other pump.

A multiple pump (6 units) has been shown in Fig. 2. Said pumps are arranged on a circumference, thereby enabling them to be driven by means of a single cam 25 provided on a horizontal cam plate 26. Tappets, such as 24, are interposed between said pumps.- The simultaneous adjustment of the output of all said pumps can be ensured by a central pinion 27 meshing with all the pinions 20. Said pinion 27 can itself be driven from the outside by any means, automatic y be very readily varied.

' Inthe modification of Fig. 3 the piston 7 does not screw through the medium of its extension piece 18, in the sleeve 8. On the contrary, the extension piece 18 is suppressed and the piston is mounted directly on the member 8, the sleeve 19 then screwing on said member 8. The present invention applies not only to pumps oi the type illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 where the cylinder is movable, but also to pumps having a fixed cylinder, as shown in Fig. 4, surrounded .bya timing sleeveld. ,In this case, said sleeve 16 operates in exactly the same conditions as the cylinder 5 01' Figs. 1 to 3, that is to say that according to thesetting of the piston 7 relative to the sleeve 8, it covers, sooner or later, during the up-stroke, orifice 67 formed in the wall-oi the cylinder 5.

Finally, in the modification shown in Figs. 5 and 8, the adjustment -of theputput is obtained by means of an arm 3.0 keyed to the drive shaft 9 and at the end oi which are lodged two balls 31 which move between a raceway 32 and a plate 33. Said plate 33 has for each of the pumps a cam 34, while the raceway 32 has a corresponding number oi. slots each of 'which'receives a collar 35 slidably'mounted on a corresponding cylinder so as to move up and down in its associated slot. When the upper ball 31 passes under a shoulder 34 it is depressed thereby and the lower ball which is then passing over one of the collars 35, depresses the latter which in its turn forces its associated cylinder 5 to descend.

It is then obvious that by adjusting the angular position of the cam 34 the instant will be varied at which, during the discharge stroke of the piston '7 oi the corresponding pump, the cylinder 5 will be forced down, and disengaged from the discharge orifice, thereby stopping said discharge. To adjust the angular position of the cam 34, the plate 33 is keyed to the end of a shaft 37, the

angular displacement 01 which can be controlled purely explanatory but in no way limitative manner, and that it could be subjected to any modifications 01' detail the spirit thereof.

We claim:

1. In a fluid discharging pump, the combination 01' a reservoir containing liquid, a hollow member open at both ends and displaceable in said reservoir. a piston located within said member, means for reciprocating said piston, a discharge pipe leading irom said pump, spring means mounted between said piston and a flange on said member and causing said member to move with thepiston during the first portion of the piston discharge stroke,flxed meanswithwhich said member cooperates to cut oii communication between said reservoir and the space within said member above said piston after predetermined displacement of said member during the discharge stroke of said piston, said piston then discharging liquid into said discharge pipe, and means secured to said piston and adapted to contact with said member alter predetermined downward displacement of without departing from- I I 1,940,524 or not, thereby enabling the speed of the motor to said piston to hold said member in the suction position.

2. In a fluid discharging pump, the combination of a reservoir containing liquid, a hollow member openat both ends and displaceable in said reservoir, a piston located within said member, means for reciprocating said piston, a discharge pipe leading from said pump, spring means mounted between said piston and a flange on said member and causing'said memberto move with the piston during the first portion 01' the piston discharge stroke, fixed means with which said member co-operates to cut off communication between said reservoir and the space within said member above said piston after predetermined displacement of said member during the discharge str ke of said piston, said piston then dischargin liquid into said discharge pipe, means secured to said piston and adapted to contact with said member after predetermined downward displacement of said piston to hold said member in the suction position, and means for tion between said reservoir and the space within said member above'said, piston after predetermined displacement of said member during the discharge stroke of said piston, said piston then discharging liquid into said discharge pipe, and a housing for said spring means secured to said piston and having a projecting nose adapted to .contact with said member after predetermined downward displacement or said piston to hold said member in the suction position. v

4'. A pump as described in claim 3, including means for adjusting the relative positions of said piston and member independently of the relative movements of said piston and member during normal operation.

5. In a fluid discharging pump, the combination of a reservoir containing liquid, a hollow member open at both ends and displaceable',in said reservoir, a piston located within said member, means for reciprocating said piston, a discharge pipe leading from said pump, spring means mounted between said piston and a flange on said member and causing said memberto move with the piston during the first portion of the piston discharge stroke, fixed means with which said member co-operates to cut off communication between said reservoir and the space within said -member above said piston after predetermined displacement of said member during the discharge stroke of said piston,- said piston then discharging liquid'into said discharge pipe, a housing for said spring, means for connecting said suction position, and means for displacing said housing relatively to said piston.

6. In a fluid discharging pump, the combinationofa reservoir containing liquid, a hollow member open at both ends and displaceable in said reservoir, a piston located within said member, means for reciprocating said piston, a discharge pipe leading from said pump, spring means mounted between said piston and a flange on said member and causing said member to move with the piston during the first portion of the piston discharge stroke, fixed means with which said member co-operates to cut off communication between said reservoir and the space within said member above said piston after predetermined displacement of said member during the discharge stroke of said piston, said piston then discharging liquid into said discharge pipe, a housing for said spring including a portion secured to said piston, a sleeve coupling said piston reciprocating means to said portion of said housing secured to said piston, said portion screwing in said sleeve, said housing having a nose adapted to engage with the flange of said member on the downward stroke of said piston to depress said member, and means for screwing said housing into and out of said sleeve.

'7. In a fluid discharging pump, the combination of a cylinder plunging in the liquid to be pumped, a discharge pipe in alignment with the axis of said' cylinder, said cylinder being dis-. placeable into and out of contact with the edge of the orifice of said discharge pipe, a piston mounted in said cylinder, means for reciprocating said piston, said piston discharging fluid through said discharge orifice when said cylinder contacts with the edge of said orifice, spring means interposed between flanges on said piston and cylinder respectively and tending to-maintain saidcylinder in contact with the edge of said orifice, means mounted on said piston and adapted to contact with said cylinder flange after predetermined downward displacement of said piston to hold said cylinder in the suction position, and means for varying the relative posi-v tions of said piston and cylinder independently of the relative movements of said piston and cylinder during normal operation.

8. In a fluid discharging pump, the combination of a cylinder plunging in the liquid to' be pumped, a discharge pipe in alignment with the axis of said cylinder, said cylinder being displaceable into and out of contact with the edge of the orifice of said discharge pipe, a piston mounted in said cylinder, means'for reciprocating said piston, said piston discharging fluid through said discharge orifice when said cylinder contacts with the edge of said orifice, spring means interposed between flanges on said piston and cylinder respectively and tending to maintain said cylinder in contact with the edge of said orifice, a housing for said spring means mounted .on said piston and having a projecting nose adapted to contact with the flange of said cylinder after predetermined downward displacement of said piston to depress said cylinder, and means for adiusting the position of said housing relative to 'said cylinder to vary the instant of engagement of said housing nose with said cylinder flange with respect to the suction stroke of said piston.

9. In a fluid discharging multiple pump, the combination of a reservoir containing liquid, a plurality of hollow members open at both ends and displaceable in said reservoir, a plurality of discharge pipes leading from said pump, pistons located within said members, a drive shaft, a plate mounted on said drive shaft and having a single cam, means associated with each piston and actuated in turn by said cam for displacing the corresponding piston on its discharge stroke, a spring mounted between each piston and a flange on the associated member'and causin said member to move with the piston during the first portion of the piston discharge stroke, means driven by said drive shaft for displacing said piston on its suction stroke, and a plurality of fixed means with which said members co-operate respectively to cut off communication between said reservoir and the space within each member above its piston after predetermined displacement of said member during the discharge stroke of said piston, said piston then discharging liquid into said discharge pipe,

10. In a fluid discharging multiple pump, the combination of a )reservoir containing liquid, a plurality of hollow members open at both ends and displaceable in said reservoir, a plurality of discharge pipes leading from said pump, pistons located within said hollow members, a drive shaft, a plate mounted on said drive shaft and having a single cam, means associated with each piston and actuated in turn by said cam for displacing the corresponding piston onits discharge stroke, a spring mounted between each p'stcn and a flange on the associated member and causing said member to move with the piston during the first portion of the piston discharge stroke, means driven by said drive shaft for displacing said piston on its suction stroke, a plurality of flxedmeans with which said members co-operate respectively to cut ofi communication between said reservoir and the space within each member above its piston, means rotated by said 110 drive shaft for depressing each member in turn aga nst its associated spring, and means for adjusting the instant of operation of said member depressing means relatively to the operation of said piston displacing cam.

11. In a fluid discharging multiple pump, the combination of a reservoir containing liquid, a

plurality of hollow members open at both ends and displaceable in said reservoir, a plurality of discharge pipes leading from said pump, pistons located within said members, a drive shaft, a plate mounted on said drive shaft and having a single cam, means associated with each piston and actuated in turn by said cam for displacing the corresponding piston on its discharge stroke, a spring 126 mounted between each piston and a flange on the associated member and causing said member to move with the piston during the first portion of the piston discharge stroke, means driven by said drive shaft for displacing said piston on its suction stroke, a plurality of fixed means with which said members co-operate respectively to cut oil communication between said reservoir and the space within each member above its piston after predetermined displacement of said member during the discharge stroke of said piston, said pis- ,ton then discharging liquid into said discharge pipe, a vertically displaceable device rotated from said drive shaft past each of said members in turn, a plate including as many cams as there are 5;, members adapted to project into the path of rotation of said vertically displaceable device and thereby depress the latter, and means associated with each member and acted on by said device in its downward displacement for displacing downwardly the corresponding member.

12. A pump as described in claim 11, including means for adjusting the angular position of the multi-cam plate.

13. In a fluid discharging multiple pump, the

combination of a reservoir containing liquid, a plurality of hollow members open at both ends and displaceable in said reservoir, a plurality of .dischargepipes leading from said pump, pistons oil communication between said reservoir and the space within each member above its piston after predetermined displacement of said member during the discharge stroke of said piston, said piston thendischarging liquid into said discharge pipe, an arm mounted on said driving shaft, a vertically displaceable device carried by said arm, a plate formed with .as many cams as there are members adapted to project into the path of rotation of said displaceable device and thereby depress the latter, collars mounted on said members and adapted to be depressed by said displaceable device under the action of said cams and thereby move the corresponding members downwardly, and means for varying the angular position of said multi-cam plate.

.14; In a fluid discharging multiple pump, the combination of a reservoir containing liquid, a plurality of hollow members open at both ends and displaceable in said reservoir, a plurality of discharge pipes leading from said pump, pistons located within said members, a drive shaft, a plate mounted on said drive shaft and having a single cam, means associated with each piston and actuated in turn by said cam for displacing the corresponding piston on its discharge stroke, a spring mounted between each piston and a flange on the associated member and causing said member to move with the piston during the first portion of the piston discharge stroke, means driven by said drive shaft for. displacing said piston on its suction stroke, a plurality of fixed means with which said members cc-operate respectively to cut off communication between said reservoir and the space within each member above its piston after predetermined displacement of said member during the discharge stroke of said piston, said piston then discharging liquid into said discharge pipe, an-arm mounted on said driving shaft, a plate formed with as many cams as there are members, a race-way, a vertically displaceable device carried by said arm and moving between saidmulti-cam plate and said race-way, collars mounted on said members and adapted to move up and down in slots formed in said race-way, saidvertically displaceable device depressing said members through the medium of said collars when passing over said cams, and means for varying the angular position of said multi-cam plate.

15. In a fluid discharging multiple pump, the combination of a plurality of cylinders plunging in the liquid to be pumped, a plurality of discharge pipes in alignment respectively with the axes of said cylinders, said cylinders being displaceable into and out of contact with the edges of the orifices of the corresponding discharge piston and actuated in turn by said cam for displacingthe corresponding piston on its discharge stroke, a spring mounted-between each piston and its associated cylinder and tending to force said cylinder against the edge of the corresponding oriflce, means secured to each piston and adapted to contact with the corresponding cylinder after predetermined displacement of the piston, to move the cylinder into its suction positon and a second plate provided with-a single cam and mounted on said drive shaft, said second cam displacing each piston in turn in the opposite direction to'saidilrst cam.

16. In a fluid discharging multiple pump, the combination of aplurality of cylinders plunging in the liquid to be pumped, a plurality of discharge pipes in alignment respectively with the axes of said cylinders, said cylinders being displaceable into and out of contact with the edges of the orifices of the corresponding dischargepipes, pistons located in said cylinders, a drive shaft, a plate mounted on said drive shaft and having a single cam, means associated with each,

piston and actuated in turn by said cam for displacing the corresponding piston on'its discharge stroke, a spring mounted between each piston and its associated cylinder and tending to force said cylinder against the edge of the corresponding orifice, a vertically displaceable member rotated from said drive shaft past each of said cylinders in turn, a plate including as many cams as there are cylinders adapted to project into the path of rotation of said vertically displaceable member and thereby depress the latter, and means associated with each cylinder and acted on by said member in its downward displacement for .displacing downwardly the corresponding cylinder.

17. A pump as described in claim 16, including 'means for adjusting the angular position of the multi-cam plate. t a

' 18. In a fluid discharging multiple pump, the combination of a plurality of cylinders plunging in the liquid to be pumped, a plurality of discharge pipes in alignment respectively with the axes of said cylinders, said'cylinders being displaceable into and out of contact with the edges of the orifices of the corresponding discharge pipes, pistons located in said cylinders, a drive shaft, a plate mounted on said drive shaft and having a single cam,'means associated with each piston and actuated in turn by said cam fordisplacing the corresponding piston on its discharge stroke, a spring mounted between each piston' and its associated cylinder and tending to force said cylinder against the edge of the corresponding orifice, an arm mounted .on said driving shaft, a vertically displaceable member carried by said arm, a plate formed with as many cams as there are cylinders adapted to project into the path of rotation of said displaceable member and thereby depress the latter, collars mounted on said cylinders and adapted to be depressed by said displaceable member under the action of said cams and thereby move the corresponding cylinders downwardly, and means for varying the angular position of said multi-cam plate.

LOUIS HENRI LIBERT BELLEM. I ERLING CHRISTIAN FOSS. 

